Our interest is in the organization and structure of mammalian memory (humans and rodents) in terms of anatomy and function at the level of neural systems and cognition. Our research draws on the traditions of neuroscience, neuropsychology, and cognitive science. A part of our research involves studies of identified patients with amnesia. The analysis of such cases provides useful information about the structure and organization of normal memory. In addition, the facility for functional imaging at UCSD is affording the possibility of studying brain systems of human memory in normal subjects. This technology opens a new era of investigation into the brain systems of human memory. We also study rodents, particularly with respect to questions about the anatomy of memory and the function of the brain systems that support memory. This work is done under the leadership of Dr. Robert Clark.